Chemistry
Stoichiometry, solutions and dilutions, acid-base equilibria, osmolarity and spectrophotometry.
Solutions & bench work
9 tools
- Dilution calculator, C1V1 = C2V2Dilution from the C1V1 = C2V2 formula: the missing concentration or volume, with unit conversion.
- Mass ↔ amount of substance conversionMass to amount of substance, or the reverse, from the molar mass (n = m / M).
- Mass/volume percentage calculator (% w/v)Mass of solute, final solution volume and mass/volume percentage (% w/v), each from the other two.
- Mixing two solutionsConcentration of a mixture, proportions to reach a target concentration (alligation), or volume to add to an existing solution.
- Molarity calculator (C = n / V)Molar concentration, amount of substance or volume of a solution, by C = n / V.
- Osmolarity calculatorOsmolarity of a solution (mOsm/L) from mmol/L or g/L, with the van ’t Hoff factor and the comparison with the plasma range.
- Serial dilution calculatorSerial dilution protocol at a constant factor: concentration, volume to transfer and diluent volume for each tube.
- Solution preparation calculator (m = C × V × M)Mass of solute needed to prepare a solution, from its molar concentration, final volume and molar mass.
- Solution quantities solver (n, V, c, cₘ, m, M)The known solution quantities (m, M, n, V, c) give the missing ones, equation by equation.
General chemistry
5 tools
- Buffer pH calculator, Henderson-Hasselbalch equationBuffer pH, base/acid ratio for a target pH, and the amounts to weigh for a given volume, with the buffer zone checked.
- Chemical equation balancerExact balancing of a chemical equation by linear algebra over exact fractions, with the element-by-element check shown.
- Limiting reactant calculator (limiting reagent), stoichiometryLimiting reactant, masses of products formed and leftovers, from an equation balanced along the way.
- Percent yield calculator: reaction yield and sample purityPercent yield in its three directions (actual vs theoretical), sample purity, molar mass and conversion into moles.
- pH calculator, acids and basesExact pH of strong and weak acids and bases, water autoionisation included, with the gap to the textbook approximation.