Physics
Mechanics, thermodynamics, waves, optics and microscopy, celestial mechanics, exoplanets and radioactivity.
- Microscope depth of field calculatorAn objective’s depth of field, separating the diffraction contribution from the detector contribution.
- Microscope field of view calculatorMicroscope field of view, from the sensor (rectangular field) or from the eyepiece field number (circular field).
- Microscope optical resolution calculatorLateral and axial resolution of an objective by the Abbe, Rayleigh or confocal conventions, with the Airy disk.Provisional
- Nyquist sampling calculator for microscopyA camera’s sampling step compared with the objective’s resolution: recommended step, under-, adequately or oversampled image, required magnification.
- Pixel size at specimen plane calculatorReal size of a pixel at the specimen plane, from sensor pixel size, magnification and binning.
- Snell’s law calculatorRefracted angle, critical angle, total internal reflection and Brewster angle, from n₁·sin θ₁ = n₂·sin θ₂.
- Thin lens calculator, conjugation relation and magnificationImage position and nature, magnification, optical power, with the algebraic sign convention set in advance.
General physics
15 tools
- Buoyancy calculator, Archimedes’ principleFloats or sinks, submerged fraction, buoyant force on a volume and apparent weight under the fluid, with the usual fluids preset.
- Calorimetry calculatorQ = mcΔT, latent heat and equilibrium temperature of a mixture, with the sign convention.
- Coulomb’s law and electric field calculatorForce between two charges, field created by one charge and force on a test charge, with the attractive or repulsive nature named.
- Doppler effect calculator (sound)Perceived frequency when the source and the observer move, with a single sign convention, the source/observer asymmetry and the sound-barrier limit.
- Free fall and projectile motion calculatorFall time, range, maximum height and impact speed without air resistance, with editable g (Earth, Moon, Mars) and the worked calculation.
- Gravitation and circular orbit calculatorOrbital speed, period, escape velocity and local gravity of a circular orbit, for any central body, ISS included.
- Hooke’s law calculator (F = kx)Force, stiffness or extension of a spring (F = kx), stiffness from a hanging mass, and elastic energy ½kx².
- Hydrostatic pressurePressure at a depth (P = P₀ + ρgh) or depth of a gauge pressure, both gauge and absolute, with the usual fluids.
- Inclined plane and friction calculatorWhether a body on a slope holds or slides: critical angle, force decomposition and acceleration, with the actual static friction kept apart from the maximum.
- Kinetic and potential energy, conversion by fallingEk = ½mv² and Ep = mgh both ways, and the fall converting one into the other with v = √(2gh), independent of mass.
- Momentum and collision calculatorp = mv, elastic and perfectly inelastic collisions in one dimension, with conservations checked and the lost energy quantified.
- Simple pendulum and mass-spring oscillator calculatorPeriod, frequency and angular frequency of the simple pendulum and the mass-spring oscillator, with the exact amplitude correction from the elliptic integral.
- Speed, distance, timeAverage speed, distance travelled or travel time, with the duration in hours-minutes-seconds and km/h ↔ m/s conversion.
- Waves: frequency and wavelengthFrequency, wavelength and propagation speed (v = λf), with the usual media and photon energy for light.
- Work and powerWork of a force (W = F·d·cos θ) and power (P = W/t or P = F·v), with the three regimes of cos θ named.
Space & astrophysics
5 tools
- Exoplanet transit: light curve, depth and durationsLight curve of an exoplanet transit: depth, T14 and T23 durations and shape of the floor, with limb darkening.Provisional
- Hohmann transfer: Δv, transfer time and departure windowThe two impulses of a transfer between circular orbits, the total Δv, the duration, the phase angle at departure, and the bi-elliptic threshold.Provisional
- Keplerian orbit: position, velocity and the law of areasThe exact state of a body on its ellipse at time t: Kepler’s equation, vis-viva, apsides, law of areas and the invariants h and ε.Provisional
- Lagrange points: the five equilibria and the forbidden regionsThe five equilibrium points of a rotating pair, their Jacobi constants and the regions forbidden to the third body at a given constant.Provisional
- Stellar radial velocity: curve, semi-amplitude K and minimum massThe radial velocity curve of a star with a planet, its semi-amplitude K, the minimum mass m sin i, and how it compares with a spectrograph’s precision.Provisional